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/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  Name         :  NokiaLCD.h

  Description  :  Header file for Nokia 84x48 graphic LCD driver.

  Author       :  2003-03-08 - Louis Frigon.

  History      :  2003-03-08 - First release.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#ifndef _NOKIALCD_H_

#define _NOKIALCD_H_

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                  General purpose constants
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#define NULL                       0
#define FALSE                      0
#define TRUE                       1

#define LCD_X_RES                  84
#define LCD_Y_RES                  48

//  Mega8 port B pinout for LCD.
#define LCD_DC_PIN                 0x01  //  PB0
#define LCD_CE_PIN                 0x04  //  PB2
#define SPI_MOSI_PIN               0x08  //  PB3
#define LCD_RST_PIN                0x10  //  PB4
#define SPI_CLK_PIN                0x20  //  PB5

#define LCD_CACHE_SIZE             ((LCD_X_RES * LCD_Y_RES) / 8)

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                       Type definitions
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
typedef char                       bool;
typedef unsigned char              byte;
typedef unsigned int               word;

typedef enum
{
    LCD_CMD  = 0,
    LCD_DATA = 1

} LcdCmdData;

typedef enum
{
    PIXEL_OFF =  0,
    PIXEL_ON  =  1,
    PIXEL_XOR =  2

} LcdPixelMode;

typedef enum
{
    FONT_1X = 1,
    FONT_2X = 2

} LcdFontSize;

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                 Public function prototypes
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void LcdInit       ( void );
void LcdClear      ( void );
void LcdUpdate     ( void );
void LcdGotoXY     ( byte x, byte y );
void LcdChr        ( LcdFontSize size, byte ch );
void LcdStr        ( LcdFontSize size, byte *dataPtr );
void LcdPixel      ( byte x, byte y, LcdPixelMode mode );
void LcdLine       ( byte x1, byte y1, byte x2, byte y2, LcdPixelMode mode );

#endif  //  _NOKIALCD_H_
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                         End of file.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/



/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  Name         :  NokiaLCD.c

  Description  :  This is a driver for the Nokia 84x48 graphic LCD.

  Author       :  2003-03-08 - Sylvain Bissonnette

  History      :  2003-02-08 - First release (v0.1) derived from Sylvain Bissonnette code base.
                  2003-03-09 - v0.2, Louis Frigon: 2x fonts support.
                  2003-03-20 - v0.3: Serialization optimized,

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include <macros.h>
#include <iom8v.h>
//#include <stdio.h>

#include "NokiaLCD.h"

#define LCD_FIRMWARE_VERSION       0.3

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                Private function prototypes
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
//  Function prototypes are mandatory otherwise the compiler generates unreliable code.

static void LcdSend    ( byte data, LcdCmdData cd );
static void Delay      ( void );

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                     Character generator

             This table defines the standard ASCII characters in a 5x7 dot format.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static const byte FontLookup [][5] =
{
    { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 },  // sp
    { 0x00, 0x00, 0x2f, 0x00, 0x00 },   // !
    { 0x00, 0x07, 0x00, 0x07, 0x00 },   // "
    { 0x14, 0x7f, 0x14, 0x7f, 0x14 },   // #
    { 0x24, 0x2a, 0x7f, 0x2a, 0x12 },   // $
    { 0xc4, 0xc8, 0x10, 0x26, 0x46 },   // %
    { 0x36, 0x49, 0x55, 0x22, 0x50 },   // &
    { 0x00, 0x05, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00 },   // '
    { 0x00, 0x1c, 0x22, 0x41, 0x00 },   // (
    { 0x00, 0x41, 0x22, 0x1c, 0x00 },   // )
    { 0x14, 0x08, 0x3E, 0x08, 0x14 },   // *
    { 0x08, 0x08, 0x3E, 0x08, 0x08 },   // +
    { 0x00, 0x00, 0x50, 0x30, 0x00 },   // ,
    { 0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0x10, 0x10 },   // -
    { 0x00, 0x60, 0x60, 0x00, 0x00 },   // .
    { 0x20, 0x10, 0x08, 0x04, 0x02 },   // /
    { 0x3E, 0x51, 0x49, 0x45, 0x3E },   // 0
    { 0x00, 0x42, 0x7F, 0x40, 0x00 },   // 1
    { 0x42, 0x61, 0x51, 0x49, 0x46 },   // 2
    { 0x21, 0x41, 0x45, 0x4B, 0x31 },   // 3
    { 0x18, 0x14, 0x12, 0x7F, 0x10 },   // 4
    { 0x27, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x39 },   // 5
    { 0x3C, 0x4A, 0x49, 0x49, 0x30 },   // 6
    { 0x01, 0x71, 0x09, 0x05, 0x03 },   // 7
    { 0x36, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x36 },   // 8
    { 0x06, 0x49, 0x49, 0x29, 0x1E },   // 9
    { 0x00, 0x36, 0x36, 0x00, 0x00 },   // :
    { 0x00, 0x56, 0x36, 0x00, 0x00 },   // ;
    { 0x08, 0x14, 0x22, 0x41, 0x00 },   // <
    { 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14 },   // =
    { 0x00, 0x41, 0x22, 0x14, 0x08 },   // >
    { 0x02, 0x01, 0x51, 0x09, 0x06 },   // ?
    { 0x32, 0x49, 0x59, 0x51, 0x3E },   // @
    { 0x7E, 0x11, 0x11, 0x11, 0x7E },   // A
    { 0x7F, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x36 },   // B
    { 0x3E, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x22 },   // C
    { 0x7F, 0x41, 0x41, 0x22, 0x1C },   // D
    { 0x7F, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x41 },   // E
    { 0x7F, 0x09, 0x09, 0x09, 0x01 },   // F
    { 0x3E, 0x41, 0x49, 0x49, 0x7A },   // G
    { 0x7F, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x7F },   // H
    { 0x00, 0x41, 0x7F, 0x41, 0x00 },   // I
    { 0x20, 0x40, 0x41, 0x3F, 0x01 },   // J
    { 0x7F, 0x08, 0x14, 0x22, 0x41 },   // K
    { 0x7F, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40 },   // L
    { 0x7F, 0x02, 0x0C, 0x02, 0x7F },   // M
    { 0x7F, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x7F },   // N
    { 0x3E, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x3E },   // O
    { 0x7F, 0x09, 0x09, 0x09, 0x06 },   // P
    { 0x3E, 0x41, 0x51, 0x21, 0x5E },   // Q
    { 0x7F, 0x09, 0x19, 0x29, 0x46 },   // R
    { 0x46, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x31 },   // S
    { 0x01, 0x01, 0x7F, 0x01, 0x01 },   // T
    { 0x3F, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x3F },   // U
    { 0x1F, 0x20, 0x40, 0x20, 0x1F },   // V
    { 0x3F, 0x40, 0x38, 0x40, 0x3F },   // W
    { 0x63, 0x14, 0x08, 0x14, 0x63 },   // X
    { 0x07, 0x08, 0x70, 0x08, 0x07 },   // Y
    { 0x61, 0x51, 0x49, 0x45, 0x43 },   // Z
    { 0x00, 0x7F, 0x41, 0x41, 0x00 },   // [
    { 0x55, 0x2A, 0x55, 0x2A, 0x55 },   // 55
    { 0x00, 0x41, 0x41, 0x7F, 0x00 },   // ]
    { 0x04, 0x02, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04 },   // ^
    { 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40 },   // _
    { 0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x00 },   // '
    { 0x20, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x78 },   // a
    { 0x7F, 0x48, 0x44, 0x44, 0x38 },   // b
    { 0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x20 },   // c
    { 0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x48, 0x7F },   // d
    { 0x38, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x18 },   // e
    { 0x08, 0x7E, 0x09, 0x01, 0x02 },   // f
    { 0x0C, 0x52, 0x52, 0x52, 0x3E },   // g
    { 0x7F, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x78 },   // h
    { 0x00, 0x44, 0x7D, 0x40, 0x00 },   // i
    { 0x20, 0x40, 0x44, 0x3D, 0x00 },   // j
    { 0x7F, 0x10, 0x28, 0x44, 0x00 },   // k
    { 0x00, 0x41, 0x7F, 0x40, 0x00 },   // l
    { 0x7C, 0x04, 0x18, 0x04, 0x78 },   // m
    { 0x7C, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x78 },   // n
    { 0x38, 0x44, 0x44, 0x44, 0x38 },   // o
    { 0x7C, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x08 },   // p
    { 0x08, 0x14, 0x14, 0x18, 0x7C },   // q
    { 0x7C, 0x08, 0x04, 0x04, 0x08 },   // r
    { 0x48, 0x54, 0x54, 0x54, 0x20 },   // s
    { 0x04, 0x3F, 0x44, 0x40, 0x20 },   // t
    { 0x3C, 0x40, 0x40, 0x20, 0x7C },   // u
    { 0x1C, 0x20, 0x40, 0x20, 0x1C },   // v
    { 0x3C, 0x40, 0x30, 0x40, 0x3C },   // w
    { 0x44, 0x28, 0x10, 0x28, 0x44 },   // x
    { 0x0C, 0x50, 0x50, 0x50, 0x3C },   // y
    { 0x44, 0x64, 0x54, 0x4C, 0x44 }    // z
};

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                      Global Variables
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static byte  LcdCache [ LCD_CACHE_SIZE ];

static int   LcdCacheIdx;
static int   LoWaterMark;
static int   HiWaterMark;
static bool  UpdateLcd;


/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  Name         :  LcdInit

  Description  :  Performs MCU SPI & LCD controller initialization.

  Argument(s)  :  None.

  Return value :  None.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void LcdInit ( void )
{
    //  Pull-up on reset pin.
    PORTB |= LCD_RST_PIN;

    //  Set output bits on port B.
    DDRB |= LCD_RST_PIN | LCD_DC_PIN | LCD_CE_PIN | SPI_MOSI_PIN | SPI_CLK_PIN;

    Delay();

    //  Toggle display reset pin.
    PORTB &= ~LCD_RST_PIN;
    Delay();
    PORTB |= LCD_RST_PIN;

    //  Enable SPI port: No interrupt, MSBit first, Master mode, CPOL->0, CPHA->0, Clk/4
    SPCR = 0x50;

    //  Disable LCD controller
    PORTB |= LCD_CE_PIN;

    LcdSend( 0x21, LCD_CMD );  // LCD Extended Commands.
    LcdSend( 0xC8, LCD_CMD );  // Set LCD Vop (Contrast).
    LcdSend( 0x06, LCD_CMD );  // Set Temp coefficent.
    LcdSend( 0x13, LCD_CMD );  // LCD bias mode 1:48.
    LcdSend( 0x20, LCD_CMD );  // LCD Standard Commands, Horizontal addressing mode.
    LcdSend( 0x0C, LCD_CMD );  // LCD in normal mode.

    //  Reset watermark pointers.
    LoWaterMark = LCD_CACHE_SIZE;
    HiWaterMark = 0;

    LcdClear();
    LcdUpdate();
}

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  Name         :  LcdContrast

  Description  :  Set display contrast.

  Argument(s)  :  contrast -> Contrast value from 0x00 to 0x7F.

  Return value :  None.

  Notes        :  No change visible at ambient temperature.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void LcdContrast ( byte contrast )
{
    //  LCD Extended Commands.
    LcdSend( 0x21, LCD_CMD );

    // Set LCD Vop (Contrast).
    LcdSend( 0x80 | contrast, LCD_CMD );

    //  LCD Standard Commands, horizontal addressing mode.
    LcdSend( 0x20, LCD_CMD );
}

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  Name         :  LcdClear

  Description  :  Clears the display. LcdUpdate must be called next.

  Argument(s)  :  None.

  Return value :  None.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void LcdClear ( void )
{
    int i;

    for ( i = 0; i < LCD_CACHE_SIZE; i++ )
    {
        LcdCache[i] = 0x00;
    }

    //  Reset watermark pointers.
    LoWaterMark = 0;
    HiWaterMark = LCD_CACHE_SIZE - 1;

    UpdateLcd = TRUE;
}

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  Name         :  LcdGotoXY

  Description  :  Sets cursor location to xy location corresponding to basic font size.

  Argument(s)  :  x, y -> Coordinate for new cursor position. Range: 1,1 .. 14,6

  Return value :  None.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void LcdGotoXY ( byte x, byte y )
{
    LcdCacheIdx = (x - 1) * 6 + (y - 1) * 84;
}

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  Name         :  LcdChr

  Description  :  Displays a character at current cursor location and increment cursor location.

  Argument(s)  :  size -> Font size. See enum.
                  ch   -> Character to write.

  Return value :  None.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void LcdChr ( LcdFontSize size, byte ch )
{
    byte i, c;
    byte b1, b2;
    int  tmpIdx;

    if ( LcdCacheIdx < LoWaterMark )
    {
        //  Update low marker.
        LoWaterMark = LcdCacheIdx;
    }

    if ( (ch < 0x20) || (ch > 0x7b) )
    {
        //  Convert to a printable character.
        ch = 92;
    }

    if ( size == FONT_1X )
    {
        for ( i = 0; i < 5; i++ )
        {
            LcdCache[LcdCacheIdx++] = FontLookup[ch - 32][i] << 1;
        }
    }
    else if ( size == FONT_2X )
    {
        tmpIdx = LcdCacheIdx - 84;

        if ( tmpIdx < LoWaterMark )
        {
            LoWaterMark = tmpIdx;
        }

        if ( tmpIdx < 0 ) return;

        for ( i = 0; i < 5; i++ )
        {
            c = FontLookup[ch - 32][i] << 1;
            b1 =  (c & 0x01) * 3;
            b1 |= (c & 0x02) * 6;
            b1 |= (c & 0x04) * 12;
            b1 |= (c & 0x08) * 24;

            c >>= 4;
            b2 =  (c & 0x01) * 3;
            b2 |= (c & 0x02) * 6;
            b2 |= (c & 0x04) * 12;
            b2 |= (c & 0x08) * 24;

            LcdCache[tmpIdx++] = b1;
            LcdCache[tmpIdx++] = b1;
            LcdCache[tmpIdx + 82] = b2;
            LcdCache[tmpIdx + 83] = b2;
        }

        //  Update x cursor position.
        LcdCacheIdx += 11;
    }

    if ( LcdCacheIdx > HiWaterMark )
    {
        //  Update high marker.
        HiWaterMark = LcdCacheIdx;
    }

    //  Horizontal gap between characters.
    LcdCache[LcdCacheIdx++] = 0x00;
}

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  Name         :  LcdStr

  Description  :  Displays a character at current cursor location and increment cursor location
                  according to font size.

  Argument(s)  :  size    -> Font size. See enum.
                  dataPtr -> Pointer to null terminated ASCII string to display.

  Return value :  None.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void LcdStr ( LcdFontSize size, byte *dataPtr )
{
    while ( *dataPtr )
    {
        LcdChr( size, *dataPtr++ );
    }
}

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  Name         :  LcdPixel

  Description  :  Displays a pixel at given absolute (x, y) location.

  Argument(s)  :  x, y -> Absolute pixel coordinates
                  mode -> Off, On or Xor. See enum.

  Return value :  None.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void LcdPixel ( byte x, byte y, LcdPixelMode mode )
{
    word  index;
    byte  offset;
    byte  data;

    if ( x > LCD_X_RES ) return;
    if ( y > LCD_Y_RES ) return;

    index = ((y / 8) * 84) + x;
    offset  = y - ((y / 8) * 8);

    data = LcdCache[index];

    if ( mode == PIXEL_OFF )
    {
        data &= (~(0x01 << offset));
    }
    else if ( mode == PIXEL_ON )
    {
        data |= (0x01 << offset);
    }
    else if ( mode  == PIXEL_XOR )
    {
        data ^= (0x01 << offset);
    }

    LcdCache[index] = data;

    if ( index < LoWaterMark )
    {
        //  Update low marker.
        LoWaterMark = index;
    }

    if ( index > HiWaterMark )
    {
        //  Update high marker.
        HiWaterMark = index;
    }
}

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  Name         :  LcdLine

  Description  :  Draws a line between two points on the display.

  Argument(s)  :  x1, y1 -> Absolute pixel coordinates for line origin.
                  x2, y2 -> Absolute pixel coordinates for line end.
                  mode   -> Off, On or Xor. See enum.

  Return value :  None.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void LcdLine ( byte x1, byte y1, byte x2, byte y2, LcdPixelMode mode )
{
    int dx, dy, stepx, stepy, fraction;

    dy = y2 - y1;
    dx = x2 - x1;

    if ( dy < 0 )
    {
        dy    = -dy;
        stepy = -1;
    }
    else
    {
        stepy = 1;
    }

    if ( dx < 0 )
    {
        dx    = -dx;
        stepx = -1;
    }
    else
    {
        stepx = 1;
    }

    dx <<= 1;
    dy <<= 1;

    LcdPixel( x1, y1, mode );

    if ( dx > dy )
    {
        fraction = dy - (dx >> 1);
        while ( x1 != x2 )
        {
            if ( fraction >= 0 )
            {
                y1 += stepy;
                fraction -= dx;
            }
            x1 += stepx;
            fraction += dy;
            LcdPixel( x1, y1, mode );
        }
    }
    else
    {
        fraction = dx - (dy >> 1);
        while ( y1 != y2 )
        {
            if ( fraction >= 0 )
            {
                x1 += stepx;
                fraction -= dy;
            }
            y1 += stepy;
            fraction += dx;
            LcdPixel( x1, y1, mode );
        }
    }

    UpdateLcd = TRUE;
}

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  Name         :  LcdUpdate

  Description  :  Copies the LCD cache into the device RAM.

  Argument(s)  :  None.

  Return value :  None.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void LcdUpdate ( void )
{
    int i;

    if ( LoWaterMark < 0 )
        LoWaterMark = 0;
    else if ( LoWaterMark >= LCD_CACHE_SIZE )
        LoWaterMark = LCD_CACHE_SIZE - 1;

    if ( HiWaterMark < 0 )
        HiWaterMark = 0;
    else if ( HiWaterMark >= LCD_CACHE_SIZE )
        HiWaterMark = LCD_CACHE_SIZE - 1;

    //  Set base address according to LoWaterMark.
    LcdSend( 0x80 | (LoWaterMark % LCD_X_RES), LCD_CMD );
    LcdSend( 0x40 | (LoWaterMark / LCD_X_RES), LCD_CMD );

    //  Serialize the video buffer.
    for ( i = LoWaterMark; i <= HiWaterMark; i++ )
    {
        LcdSend( LcdCache[i], LCD_DATA );
    }

    //  Reset watermark pointers.
    LoWaterMark = LCD_CACHE_SIZE - 1;
    HiWaterMark = 0;

    UpdateLcd = FALSE;
}

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  Name         :  LcdSend

  Description  :  Sends data to display controller.

  Argument(s)  :  data -> Data to be sent
                  cd   -> Command or data (see/use enum)

  Return value :  None.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static void LcdSend ( byte data, LcdCmdData cd )
{
    //  Enable display controller (active low).
    PORTB &= ~LCD_CE_PIN;

    if ( cd == LCD_DATA )
    {
        PORTB |= LCD_DC_PIN;
    }
    else
    {
        PORTB &= ~LCD_DC_PIN;
    }

    //  Send data to display controller.
    SPDR = data;

    //  Wait until Tx register empty.
    while ( (SPSR & 0x80) != 0x80 );

    //  Disable display controller.
    PORTB |= LCD_CE_PIN;
}

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  Name         :  Delay

  Description  :  Uncalibrated delay for LCD init routine.

  Argument(s)  :  None.

  Return value :  None.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static void Delay ( void )
{
    int i;

    for ( i = -32000; i < 32000; i++ );
}

/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                         End of file.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

LcdGotoXY(1,1);
LcdStr(1, "Be-Be-Be");
LcdGotoXY(1,2);
LcdStr(1, "Be-Be-Be");
LcdGotoXY(1,3);
LcdStr(1, "Be-Be-Be");
LcdUpdate();